Climate change has become an increasingly urgent global issue, especially in the context of extreme weather phenomena. The impact of climate change causes various natural disasters, including floods. Whether through increasing the frequency of rainfall, melting polar ice, or rising sea levels, the impact of climate change on global flooding is very significant and detrimental. One of the main causes of flooding associated with climate change is increasing global temperatures. Higher temperatures increase the atmosphere’s ability to hold water vapor, resulting in more intense and frequent rainfall. Areas previously unaffected by flooding now experience devastating flooding events periodically. For example, coastal and low-lying areas, such as Bangladesh and the East Coast of the United States, have felt the impact with an increase in the frequency of severe flooding. Additionally, melting ice in Greenland and Antarctica is contributing to sea level rise. When sea levels rise, the risk of tidal flooding becomes higher, especially in coastal areas. This not only threatens the human population but also the local ecosystem. Large cities such as Jakarta and Miami are particularly vulnerable to this problem, causing significant economic losses and forcing many people to migrate. Changes in rainfall patterns due to climate change also cause flooding. Some regions are experiencing extreme drought followed by flash floods, creating a dangerous cycle of drought and flood. Without an adequate drainage system, large amounts of rainwater falling in a short period of time cannot be handled, resulting in severe waterlogging and damage to infrastructure. From an economic perspective, flooding due to climate change affects various sectors, including agriculture, fisheries and tourism. Damage to agricultural land due to flooding can reduce crop yields, increase food prices, and contribute to social instability. In developing countries, these impacts are more severe due to the lack of adequate protection systems. The water crisis is also closely related to flooding. After a flood, water quality often declines, bringing with it pollutants and disease, which in turn affects people’s health. The spread of diseases caused by dirty water is increasing, becoming a determining factor in public health in affected areas. Climate change also triggers flooding in rivers. Deforestation and unplanned infrastructure development causes the loss of water catchment areas. When forests are cut down, the land’s ability to absorb water is reduced, so river flows increase and cause flooding. Better land management policies are needed to minimize this risk. At the global level, it is time for all countries to unite in efforts to mitigate and adapt to climate change. Implementing nature-based solutions, such as ecosystem restoration and better management of river content, can help reduce the impact of flooding. Public education about the importance of protecting the environment is also key in facing this challenge. Flooding influenced by climate change is a complex problem and requires serious attention from all parties. Joint efforts in research, policy and implementation of concrete actions are essential to ensure the sustainability of life on this earth. Only through collaboration and awareness can we minimize the negative impacts caused by this phenomenon.
